Ishyamba rya Arboretum
Mu 1934 ni bwo Umuryango Brothers of Charity ushingiye ku Idini Gatolika wateye ibiti ku buso bukikije Kaminuza y’u Rwanda Ishami rya Huye, mu murenge wa Ngoma mu Kagari ka Butare mu mudugudu wa Busenyi Hari hagamijwe guteza imbere ibiti bihinganwa n’imyaka ntibiyangirize (agroforestry).
Ibyo biti byaje kubyara ishyamba rya Arboretum riri kuri hegitari 200 magingo aya. Ni icumbi ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye, rikaba isoko y’amahumbezi n’umwuka mwiza ku barituriye.
Rizwiho cyane kubamo uducurama, inkende zisanzwe cyo kimwe n’iz’umukara, inyoni z’ubwoko butandukanye, ishya,ibikururanda n’izindi nyinshi.
Ni ishyamba ryagenewe kubungabunga ibiti, ubushakashatsi, ndetse no kuba isoko y’ubumenyi.
Umukozi mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Amashyamba, Munyaneza Gaspard, yabwiye Kaminuza Star ko Arboretum itagenewe guturamo inyamaswa gusa.
Rigiterwa ryarimo ibiti gakondo n’ibyavanywe mu mahanga, rigizwe n’amapariseri arenga 500 buri yose igizwe na metero zisaga mirongo itanu kuri mirongo itanu, rizengurutswe n’imihanda yari igenewe kwifashishwa mu kurwanya inkongi z’umuriro no kunyurwamo n’abaje kurisura. Buri muhanda ufite metero zigera kuri esheshatu z’ubugari.
Ririmo amoko y’ibiti 207 yiganjemo inturusu. Uretse kuba ryaratewe hatezwa imbere ibiti bihinganwa n’imyaka, Munyaneza yasobanuye ko rinageragerezwamo ibiti biva mu mahanga harebwa niba byaterwa ahandi mu gihugu.
Ati “Indi ntego yari ukureba muri ayo moko yose yaturutse mu mahanga; ese ni ayahe yashobora kuba mu Rwanda kugira ngo bazajye bayatera ku rwego rw’igihugu?”
Munyaneza yatangaje ko ibyo byose kwari ukugira ngo hakwirakwizwe amoko y’ibiti atandukanye mu gihugu binyuze mu gusarura imirama byeraga ikinazwa.
Iri shyamba rikorerwamo ubushakashatsi butandukanye nk’aho Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubushakashatsi n’Iterambere ry’Inganda (NIRDA) gikoreramo inyigo ku miti ndetse n’abanyeshuri bakaryifashisha mu myigire.
Bamwe mubanyeshuri ba kaminuza bifashisha iri shyamba mumyigire yabo
Amarerero afasha Leta kubona imbuto
Arboretum ifite amarerero abiri y’imbuto z’ibiti azwi nka “pepinieres”. Ubusanzwe irerero ry’ibiti rigira imitabo. Umutabo umwe ugomba kuba ufite metero 12 cyangwa 10 z’uburebure ndetse n’ubugari bwa metero imwe na sentimetero 20 z’ubugari
Umutabo wifashishwa mu irerero ry’ibiti
Iyo mitabo ni yo ishyirwamo ingemwe ziba ziri mu bihoho, mu marerero ari mu mubande uri mu ishyamba hagati. Irerero riri aho winjirira uvuye kuri Stade ya Kaminuza rikorerwamo ubushakashatsi ku mirama.
Ibihoho byifashishwa mu irerero bashyiramo ingemwe
Iyo ugeze kuri ayo marerero uhasanga abakozi benshi bamwe bari gushyira itaka mu bihoho, abari kuvomerera imbuto, abari kubakira imitabo ku buryo ubona hari benshi iryo shyamba riha akazi.
Ishyamba rya Arboretum si irya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda
Arboretum ifasha cyane abanyeshuri ba Kaminuza y’u Rwanda kwiga uburyo bwo kubungabunga amashyamba.
Munyaneza yavuze ko uretse ubufatanye Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Amashyamba (RFA) kigirana na Kaminuza binyuze mu korohereza abanyeshuri gukora ubushakashatsi,imenyerezamwuga no kuba imfashanyigisho z’abarimu, nta bundi bubasha Kaminuza irifiteho.
Yagize ati “Iyi Arboretum iri mu maboko y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Amashyamba, ikaba icungwa n’ishami ry’Ikigo cy’Igihihu gishinzwe ubushakashatsi no gutubura imbuto z’ibiti ari naryo rikorera hano i Huye”.
Yakomeje avuga ko uretse abarimu bazana abanyeshuri kubereka neza ibyo babigishiriza mu ishuri, ibindi byose bijyanye no kuribungabunga bikorwa n’icyo kigo.
Usabyimana Pacifique, umunyeshuri wiga Amashyamba ndetse no kubungabunga umutungo kamere (Forestry and Nature Conservation) muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda , avuga ko we nk’umunyeshuri Arboretum imufitiye akamaro kanini kuko ngo ibafasha mu bushakashatsi.
Yagize ati “ Iri shyamba ridufasha mu bushakashatsi butandukanye, nko kumenya uko imirama y’ibiti ikorwa ndetse tunajyayo gukora imikorongiro ijyanye no kumenya uburebure, ubugari bw’ibiti birirangwamo”
Usabyimana yakomeje avuga ko bahungukira n’ubumenyi bujyanye n’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima. Ingingo ahurizaho na mugenzi bigana Iradukunda Grace Divine uvuga ko ribafasha mu kunguka ubumenyi ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ndetse bakanamenya amoko y’ibiti arigize.
Ati “ Uretse n’ubumenyi bujyanye n’ibinyabuzima, ridufasha kumenya amoko (species ) y’ibiti birigize, ndetse n’izinyamaswa ricumbikiye.”
Iri shami rishinzwe gutubura imbuto z’ibiti (National Seed Center) ni naryo rikusanya imirama, kuyitunganya, kuyitaho ndetse no gutanga ibikoresho nkenerwa mu gutera amashyamba kugira ngo yitabweho bu buryo bunoze. Babifashwamo n’imiryango n’amakoperative bitandukanye.
Bijyanye n’uko iri shyamba ari ryo soko y’ibiti bitandukanye biterwa mu mashyamba yo mu Rwanda, ryitabwaho cyane n’iyo miryango hirindwa ko hari icyabyangiriza.
Niryo ryonyine rizwiho kugira ibiti biranda ku bindi mu gihugu rikanafatwa nk’irerero ry’ubwoko bwinshi buterwa mu mashyamba y’uRwanda.
Arboretum mu byanya bifashwa ndetse bikitabwaho na Queen’s Commonwealth Canop
Bitewe n’ubwiza ndetse n’umwihariko w’iri shyamba, umushinga uzwi nka Queen’s Commonwealth Canopy wahamije umuhate n’ubushake bwa Leta y’uRwanda mu kubungabunga amashyamba no kwaguka muri rusange mu kwita no guteza imbere amashyamba.
Ibyo byatumye ku wa 14 Gashyantare 2018 Inama y’Abaminisitiri yemeza ko Arboretum igomba gushyirwa mu byanya bifashwa na Queen’s Commonwealth Canopy (QCC).
Ni umushinga watangijwe mu 2015 muri gahunda zo kubungabunga amashyamba mu bihugu bigize Umuryango w’ibivuga Icyongereza uko ari 54. Wafunguwe n’Umwamikazi w’u Bwongereza mu Nama y’Abakuru b’Ibihugu bigize uwo muryango (CHOGM) yabereye mu birwa bya Malta.
Arboretum isigasiye amateka y’ubukoloni kuko yatewe ku busabe bw’uwari ushinzwe kuyobora icyahoze ari Rwanda-Urundi [ubu ni ibihugu by’uRwanda n’u Burundi].